{"id":662,"date":"2017-09-15T17:11:00","date_gmt":"2017-09-15T09:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wordvice.cn\/?p=662"},"modified":"2025-04-06T15:21:27","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T07:21:27","slug":"introductory-phrases-for-evidence-examples-research-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/blog\/introductory-phrases-for-evidence-examples-research-writing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u8bc1\u636e\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u597d\u7528\u768441\u79cd\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u6784\u5efa\u6211\u4eec\u7814\u7a76\u53d9\u8ff0\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bc1\u636e\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f3a\u5316\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u5bf9\u8bba\u6587\u7ed3\u8bba\u5fc3\u751f\u6000\u7591\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u4e14\u7b26\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u64b0\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u65f6\u5341\u5206\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/blog\/first-order-50-promotion-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"776\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/ee-blog-cdn.wordvice.com\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/21125539\/50off-banner-1-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3669\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ee-blog-cdn.wordvice.com\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/21125539\/50off-banner-1-1.png 776w, https:\/\/ee-blog-cdn.wordvice.com\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/21125539\/50off-banner-1-1-300x77.png 300w, https:\/\/ee-blog-cdn.wordvice.com\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/21125539\/50off-banner-1-1-768x198.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 776px) 100vw, 776px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8bc1\u636e\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u65f6\u673a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bc1\u636e\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u6253\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f85\u52a9\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u7f3a\u4e4f\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u6d41\u6c34\u5e10\u822c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u6750\u6599\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u9002\u65f6\u777f\u667a\u7684\u6311\u9009\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u548c\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bba\u8bc1\u4f60\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002 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\u7684\u4ed8\u8d39\u7ffb\u8bd1\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u9700\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4f60\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8bba\u8bc1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bf4\u660e\u201c\u975e\u666e\u904d\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6839\u636e\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\u7ed3\u8bba\u3001\u63a8\u8bba\u6216\u8bf4\u660e\u6db5\u4e49\u65f6;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u6f84\u6e05\u4e00\u4e2a\u5148\u524d\u7684\u53d9\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u65f6\u5019;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u8303\u4f8b;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u60f3\u8981\u533a\u5206\u6982\u5ff5\u65f6;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u60f3\u8981\u5229\u7528\u67d0\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u5f3a\u8c03\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6027\u53e5\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6839\u636e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u53e5\u578b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u4e0d\u8be6\u5c3d\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u77ed\u8bed\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"20%\"><strong>\u76ee\u7684<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"30%\"><strong>\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6027\u53e5\u578b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"50%\"><strong>\u8303\u6587<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"20%\">stating information that is not \u201ccommon knowledge\u201d<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"30%\">\n<ul>\n<li>[use relevant style guide\u2019s in-text citation format]<\/li>\n<li>As [Author] indicated\/ stated\/ discovered<\/li>\n<li>According to [Author],<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"50%\">\n<ul>\n<li>As Smith indicated in a 2010 study . . .<\/li>\n<li>According to Marks and Peters . . .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"20%\">drawing conclusions, making inferences, or suggesting implications based on specific data<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"30%\">\n<ul>\n<li>suggests<\/li>\n<li>as evidenced\/ suggested\/ indicated by<\/li>\n<li>based on<\/li>\n<li>can be seen\/ observed when<\/li>\n<li>as seen in<\/li>\n<li>which is made apparent when<\/li>\n<li>is demonstrated by\/ through\/ when<\/li>\n<li>hinges on<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"50%\">\n<ul>\n<li>The strong negative correlation suggests that . . .<\/li>\n<li>As evidenced\/ suggested\/ indicated by their enlarged adrenal glands, patients with . . .<\/li>\n<li>Based on self-reported survey results . . .<\/li>\n<li>This phenomenon can be seen\/ observed when wind speeds exceed . . .<\/li>\n<li>As seen in the high recurrence rates of . . .<\/li>\n<li>The causal link between A and B, which is made apparent when B triggers . . .<\/li>\n<li>The efficacy of chocolate as a cure for unhappiness is demonstrated by survey results highlighted in . . .<\/li>\n<li>This conclusion hinges on . . .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"20%\">clarifying a prior statement<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"30%\">\n<ul>\n<li>for example<\/li>\n<li>for instance<\/li>\n<li>by way of illustration<\/li>\n<li>as an example<\/li>\n<li>to clarify<\/li>\n<li>to explain further<\/li>\n<li>namely<\/li>\n<li>to be specific<\/li>\n<li>that is,<\/li>\n<li>in other words,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"50%\">\n<ul>\n<li>This occurrence is rare. For example, only one in twenty . . .<\/li>\n<li>It is unlikely that current population growth rates are sustainable. For instance, several major coastal cities are already suffering from . . .<\/li>\n<li>By way of illustration, less than 20% of new matriculants feel prepared for . . .<\/li>\n<li>As an example, when a country faces economic recession, polls indicate that over 80% of the population supports . . .<\/li>\n<li>To clarify, not all government-funded facilities provide . . .<\/li>\n<li>To explain further, large doses of Agent O can trigger . . .<\/li>\n<li>Millennials prefer flexible work conditions, namely the ability to work remotely.<\/li>\n<li>To be specific, bull markets can . . .<\/li>\n<li>That is, significant and sudden drops in temperature can . . .<\/li>\n<li>In other words, short bursts of high-intensity ultrasound can . . .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"20%\">identifying representative examples of a category<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"30%\">\n<ul>\n<li>for example\/ instance<\/li>\n<li>such as*<\/li>\n<li>e.g.<\/li>\n<li>one\/ another example<\/li>\n<li>like*<\/li>\n<li>excluding<\/li>\n<li>including<\/li>\n<li>an example being<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>*NOTE: \u201csuch as\u201d and \u201clike\u201d have two different uses. \u201cSuch as\u201d introduces a specific example that is part of a category. \u201cLike\u201d suggests the listed items are similar to, but not included in, the topic discussed.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"50%\">\n<ul>\n<li>Typhoons are considered acts of God, for example\/ instance.<\/li>\n<li>The island is home to many native carnivorous plants, such as Venus flytraps.<\/li>\n<li>The only known bioluminescent vertebrates are fish (e.g. the anglerfish and lantern fish).<\/li>\n<li>One\/ another example of this exception is . . .<\/li>\n<li>I prefer outdoor sports like mountain climbing because they allow me to enjoy nature while exercising.<\/li>\n<li>All mammals, excluding humans, stop drinking milk at a young age.<\/li>\n<li>All stars, including our sun, . . .<\/li>\n<li>Hawks feast on rodents, an example being . . .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"20%\">distinguishing concepts<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"30%\">\n<ul>\n<li>in a similar case<\/li>\n<li>unlike the case of<\/li>\n<li>in the same way<\/li>\n<li>as a case in point<\/li>\n<li>in a typical situation<\/li>\n<li>in a normal scenario<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"50%\">\n<ul>\n<li>In a similar case, a male patient with arthritis . . .<\/li>\n<li>Unlike a single-blind study, a double-blind study reduces the risk of observer bias.<\/li>\n<li>Redundancy and wordiness can be reduced in the same way: through careful editing.<\/li>\n<li>As a case in point, let\u2019s look at the situation in which . . .<\/li>\n<li>In a typical situation, marsupials would . . .<\/li>\n<li>In a normal scenario, cortisol suppressant effects . . .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"20%\">emphasizing a point by highlighting a specific situation<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"30%\">\n<ul>\n<li>for example<\/li>\n<li>indeed<\/li>\n<li>in fact<\/li>\n<li>notably<\/li>\n<li>markedly<\/li>\n<li>as a case in point<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top;\" width=\"50%\">\n<ul>\n<li>Nocturnal marsupials, for example, have . . .<\/li>\n<li>Indeed, since the World Health Organization declared an end to the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo . . .<\/li>\n<li>Ice-free habitats around Antarctica, in fact, have . . .<\/li>\n<li>High carbon steel alloys, notably, undergo a transformation when . . .<\/li>\n<li>Markedly, the deserts irregular rainfall levels have . . .<\/li>\n<li>As a case in point, the last known male northern white rhinoceros . . .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u9700\u8981<a href=\"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/?utm_source=wordvice-blog&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_campaign=inlink_click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u82f1\u6587\u6da6\u8272<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/?utm_source=wordvice-blog&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_campaign=inlink_click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u82f1\u8bed\u6da6\u8272<\/a>\uff0c\u5c31\u627eWordvice\u3002<br>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/blog\/academy-academic\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u8d44\u6e90\u535a\u5ba2<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/services\/academic-editing\/?utm_source=wordvice-blog&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_campaign=inlink_click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u6da6\u8272<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a 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