{"id":656,"date":"2017-09-06T16:01:00","date_gmt":"2017-09-06T08:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wordvice.cn\/?p=656"},"modified":"2024-12-12T15:13:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T07:13:12","slug":"avoid-conflicts-of-interest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/blog\/avoid-conflicts-of-interest\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6295\u7a3f\u8bba\u6587\u65f6\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u58f0\u660e\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u9053\u5fb7\u8bda\u4fe1\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u826f\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8eab\u5904\u4fe1\u606f\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7535\u5b50\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u8868\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u4fe1\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u672f\u4eba\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d1\u8868\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u4eab\u91cd\u8981\u8d44\u8baf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u5b66\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u62ab\u9732\u6240\u6709\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u5e76\u8981\u907f\u514d\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u56e0\u4e3a\u79cd\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ad9\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u91d1\u94b1\u56de\u9988\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u5982\u804c\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u4eba\u8109\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u4f3c\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u8bda\u4fe1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6216\u5f71\u54cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6750\u6599\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u521a\u597d\u662f\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6750\u6599\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7684\u597d\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u9610\u8ff0\u4ed6\u4e0e\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6000\u7591\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5374\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3b\u52a8\u544a\u77e5\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u60f3 \u300c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u4e0d\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u8ddf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u6709\u79c1\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\u5462? \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9690\u7792\u554a\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u592a\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4efb\u4f55\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b9e\u6743\u5f71\u54cd\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5176\u5b9e<strong>\u5373\u4f7f\u5b58\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u8bda\u4fe1\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u3002&nbsp;<\/strong>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8212\u670d\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u80fd\u5f3a\u70c8\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u89c2\u611f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u5e94\u4ed4\u7ec6\u9605\u8bfb\u6709\u5173\u6f5c\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u62ab\u9732\u9002\u7528\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u9192\u4efb\u4f55\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u53d7\u8bd5\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u62e5\u6709\u5145\u5206\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u672a\u505a\u5230\u63ed\u9732\u6f5c\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u4f60\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u63ed\u9732\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u51fa\u7248\u4f26\u7406\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(Committee on Publication Ethics, COPE) \u7684\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u671f\u520a\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u76f8\u5f53<a href=\"https:\/\/publicationethics.org\/guidance\/guideline\/principles-transparency-and-best-practice-scholarly-publishing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u660e\u786e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u6765\u89c4\u8303\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81<\/a>\u5e76\u4e14\u5f53<a href=\"https:\/\/publicationethics.org\/files\/u7141\/1999pdf13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u5411\u671f\u520a\u7f16\u8f91\u8868\u660e<\/a>\uff0c\u671f\u520a\u7f16\u8f91\u5219\u8868\u660e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7684\u671f\u520a\u90fd\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u6295\u7a3f\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u58f0\u660econflict of interest statement\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u4e0d\u592a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u63ed\u9732\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u8ba9\u671f\u520a\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u8ba9\u671f\u520a\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5426\u5fc5\u987b\u6db5\u76d6\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8303\u4f8b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5217\u5728\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u300c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u6f5c\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7c7b\u578b\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u58f0\u660e\u9700\u6db5\u76d6\u7684\u8d44\u8baf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u51b2\u7a81\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u7684cover letter\u4e2d\u53ea\u9700\u5305\u62ec\u660e\u786e\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u5e76\u9075\u5b88\u6240\u6709\u6295\u7a3f\u671f\u520a\u7684\u6307\u793a\u3002<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cover letter\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u58f0\u660e: &#8220;To the best of our knowledge, the named authors have no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Article footnotes\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u58f0\u660e: &#8220;All authors have [completed the XXX disclosure form] and declare that: (i) no support, financial or otherwise, has been received from any organization that may have an interest in the submitted work ; and (ii) there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u6ce8\u610f:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u4f26\u7406\u5ba1\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(IRB)\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u4f5c\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u5199\u8fdb\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u5b57\u53e5\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u90fd\u6709\u9075\u5b88\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9488\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e34\u5e8a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u5e94\u8be5\u9700\u5305\u542b\u60a8\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u516c\u5f00\u4efb\u4f55\u6f5c\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u58f0\u660e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u58f0\u660e: Informed consent has been obtained from all patients included in this study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c<\/strong>\u56fd\u9645\u533b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u7f16\u8f91\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.icmje.org\/recommendations\/browse\/roles-and-responsibilities\/author-responsibilities--conflicts-of-interest.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ICMJE)\u63a8\u8350<\/a>\u6db5\u76d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>[1] Sources of support for the work, including sponsor names along with explanations of the role of those sources if any in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report; the decision to submit the report for publication; or a statement declaring that the supporting source had no such involvement; and<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>[2] Whether the authors had access to the study data, with an explanation of the nature and extent of access, including whether access is on-going.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>[3] To support the above statements, editors may request that authors of a study sponsored by a funder with a proprietary or financial interest in the outcome sign a statement, such as \u201cI had full access to all of the data in this study and I take complete responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Suggested language: Author A receives research support\/consulting fees from [sponsor name]; a detailed listing of Author A&#8217;s financial disclosures is available at [website]; Author B has equity in [organization] and serves on the board of directors [organization]; a detailed listing of Author B&#8217;s financial disclosures is available at [website]. No other author has reported a potential conflict of interest relevant to this article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u6f5c\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e94\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6db5\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4e86\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6f5c\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u6e90 \u2013 \u8bf4\u660e\u8d5e\u52a9\u5546\u3001\u8d5e\u52a9\u989d\u5ea6\u548c\u8d5e\u52a9\u5546\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8d22\u52a1\u5173\u7cfb \u2013 \u5305\u542b\u987e\u95ee\u5173\u7cfb\u3001 \u80a1\u6743\u6240\u6709\u6743\u96c7\u4f63\u5408\u540c\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u6d25\u8d34\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65c5\u8d39\u6216\u6f14\u8bb2\u6d25\u8d34\uff0c\u4fdd\u9669\u57fa\u91d1\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u9610\u8ff0\u53d1\u751f\u6f5c\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u5176\u8d22\u52a1\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53d7\u652f\u63f4\u91d1\u989d \u2013 \u8bb8\u591a\u671f\u520a\u548c\u673a\u6784\u5ba1\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u62ab\u9732\u6240\u6709\u786e\u5207\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u652f\u63f4\u91d1\u989d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u652f\u63f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6295\u5165\u4e8e\u8bba\u6587\u5f53\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u5230\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u5f53\u8d5e\u52a9\u5546\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u5229\u76ca\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8d22\u52a1\u652f\u63f4\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u63ed\u9732\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u6216\u4f26\u7406\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5ba1\u67e5\u548c\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u62a5\u8868\u58f0\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u63d0\u9ad8\u8d22\u52a1\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u6d88\u9664\u8d22\u52a1\u5229\u76ca\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u975e\u8d22\u52a1\u5173\u7cfb \u2013 \u5305\u542b\u4e2a\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bb6\u4eba\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u4f19\u4f34\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u9610\u660e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2>\u989d\u5916\u4fe1\u606f:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Elsevier &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0010\/92476\/ETHICS_COI02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Conflict of Interest<\/a>&#8221; factsheet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICMJE&#8217;s&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.icmje.org\/recommendations\/browse\/roles-and-responsibilities\/author-responsibilities--conflicts-of-interest.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">recommendations<\/a>&nbsp;regarding reporting conflicts of interest<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/cda\/content\/document\/cda_downloaddocument\/481_Guideline_Conflict+of+Interest_Ethik+in+der+Medizin.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1342723-p1085184\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Springer guidelines<\/a>&nbsp;regarding conflict of interest<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>University of Oxford,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.admin.ox.ac.uk\/researchsupport\/integrity\/conflict\/policy\/illustrativeexamples\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">examples of potential conflicts of interest<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An inquiry into the efficacy of disclosure requirements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\u9700\u8981<a href=\"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/?utm_source=wordvice-blog&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_campaign=inlink_click\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u82f1\u6587\u6da6\u8272<\/a>\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/?utm_source=wordvice-blog&amp;utm_medium=post&amp;utm_campaign=inlink_click\" 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noopener\">FAQ<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9053\u5fb7\u8bda\u4fe1\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u826f\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u8eab\u5904\u4fe1\u606f\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7535\u5b50\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u8868\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u4fe1\u6027\uff0c\u662f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23,16],"tags":[291],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.13 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u6295\u7a3f\u8bba\u6587\u65f6\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\u58f0\u660e\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b - Wordvice Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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