{"id":1722,"date":"2022-09-16T15:04:56","date_gmt":"2022-09-16T07:04:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.wordvice.cn\/?p=1722"},"modified":"2023-08-30T14:24:33","modified_gmt":"2023-08-30T06:24:33","slug":"masters-vs-phd-doctorate-degrees-key-differences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wordvice.cn\/blog\/masters-vs-phd-doctorate-degrees-key-differences\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7855\u58eb\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1f\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ee-blog-cdn.wordvice.com\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16123307\/53-%E8%AF%BB%E7%A1%95%E8%BF%98%E6%98%AF%E8%AF%BB%E5%8D%9A%EF%BC%9F%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E9%80%89%EF%BC%9F%E7%A1%95%E5%A3%AB%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%9A%E5%A3%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB-2.jpg\" 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degree\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709450\u4e07\u4eba\u62e5\u6709\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08PhD\u6216doctorate\uff09\u3002\u4f60\u6216\u8bb8\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u4ed8\u51fa\u989d\u5916\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e2a\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7a76\u7adf\u503c\u5f97\u5417\uff1f\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd9\u4efd\u989d\u5916\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5230\u5e95\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u4e0b\u8868\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff08\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><\/td><td><strong>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u535a\u58eb\uff08PhD\uff09\u5b66\u4f4d<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5165\u5b66\u8981\u6c42<\/td><td>\u62e5\u6709\u56db\u5e74\u5236\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d<\/td><td>\u62e5\u6709\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5b66\u5236\u65f6\u95f4<\/td><td>2\u5e74\uff0c\u6216\u66f4\u77ed\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u82f1\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\uff09<\/td><td>5\u81f37\u5e74\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\uff09\uff0c3\u81f35\u5e74\uff08\u8981\u6c42\u4ee5\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5165\u5b66\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5b66\u5236\u7ed3\u6784<\/td><td>\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4fee\u8bfe\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5b66\u5236\u672b\u671f\u8981\u6c42\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6216\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u65f6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201ccapstone project\uff08\u9876\u70b9\u9879\u76ee\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/td><td>\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e602\u5e74\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u4e8b3\u81f35\u5e74\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8d39\u7528<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5b66\u8d39\u4ece3\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u523012\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u82f1\u8bed\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b66\u4f4d\u8981\u4fbf\u5b9c\u5f97\u591a\uff08\u4e0d\u52304\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u8d39\u90fd\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5b66\u6821\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u6536\u5b66\u8d39\u3002<\/td><td>\u867d\u7136\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u4e00\u6837\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u50cf\u7855\u58eb\u90a3\u6837\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d25\u8d34\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u52a9\u6559\u6216\u52a9\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u5b66\u8d39\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u88ab\u5168\u90e8\u514d\u9664\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u804c\u4e1a\u524d\u666f<\/td><td>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u884c\u4e1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/td><td>\u7531\u4e8e\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u505a\u51fa\u539f\u521b\u6027\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u4ece\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9884\u671f\u5de5\u8d44\u548c\u5931\u4e1a\u7387<\/td><td>\u6839\u636e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/careeroutlook\/2022\/data-on-display\/education-pays.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40<\/a>\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u672c\u79d1\u5230\u7855\u58eb\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u5e45\u5ea6\u5927\u7ea6\u662f18%\uff0c\u800c\u5931\u4e1a\u7387\u5219\u4ece\u672c\u79d1\u76843.5%\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u7855\u58eb\u76842.6%\u3002<\/td><td>\u6839\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0e\u7855\u58eb\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u80fd\u591f\u589e\u52a0\u5927\u7ea621%\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u3002\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u5931\u4e1a\u7387\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\uff0c\u4ec5\u4e3a1.5%\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u5982\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u662f\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u7684<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u5982\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u662f\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u7684<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u4e8b\u67d0\u4e2a\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u6027\u6216\u975e\u7814\u7a76\u6027\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60f3\u5b66\u4e60\u5e94\u7528\u578b\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/td><td>\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u6216\u8005\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u6784\u4ece\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f60\u820d\u5f97\u5728\u524d\u671f\u6295\u5165\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u5b66\u4e1a\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u673a\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5c3d\u65e9\u5f00\u59cb\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/td><td>\u4f60\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u6216\u8bfe\u9898\u5145\u6ee1\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u572810\u5e74\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b83\u5145\u6ee1\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u60c5\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u60f3\u534a\u5de5\u534a\u8bfb\uff0c\u65e2\u4e0d\u803d\u8bef\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u803d\u8bef\u8d5a\u94b1\u548c\u83b7\u5f97\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/td><td>\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u89c2\u80fd\u52a8\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u5e94\u5bf9\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5b66\u4e1a\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>\u653b\u8bfb\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u9700\u8981\u591a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u7855\u58eb\u6216\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u56fd\u5bb6\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u672c\u6587\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u81ea\u7136\u8981\u6bd4\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u8d39\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u65e2\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u8bfe\uff0c\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e8b\u957f\u671f\u7684\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u8d85\u51fa\u9884\u671f\u5e74\u5934\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u957f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8bfe\u9898\u96be\u5ea6\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u652f\u6301\u548c\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u5b8c\u6210\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u89812\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u500d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u5b8c\u6210\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u5165\u5b66\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5177\u6709\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5165\u5b66\u540e\u5148\u4fee2\u5e74\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u505a3-4\u5e74\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u8868\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5728\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u5ba3\u8bfb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u64b0\u5199\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u52a9\u5b66\u91d1\uff08stipend\uff09\u6216\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff08scholarship\uff09\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u8986\u76d6\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5728\u5165\u5b66\u524d\u9700\u8981\u7b56\u5212\u597d\u5907\u9009\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8d44\u52a9\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>\u653b\u8bfb\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u591a\u5c11\u94b1\uff1f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u66f4\u4e3a\u8d39\u94b1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8017\u65f6\u66f4\u957f\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u535a\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7531\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e8b\u5168\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u6559\u5b66\u52a9\u7406\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u6216\u5de5\u4f5c\u52a9\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u6240\u8017\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d44\u91d1\u5176\u5b9e\u4f1a\u6bd4\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u66f4\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5b66\u4f4d\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\u7684\u5165\u804c\u8d77\u85aa\uff0c\u800c\u4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href=\"https:\/\/foreign.fulbrightonline.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Fulbright Foreign Student Program<\/a>\uff09\u6216HHMI\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hhmi.org\/science-education\/programs\/international-student-research-fellowships\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">HHMI International Student Research Scholarships<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5916\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u6bcd\u56fd\u4e5f\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f88\u591a\u51fa\u56fd\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u5b66\u6821\u5141\u8bb8\u517c\u804c\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u8bb8\u5e0c\u671b\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u6bcf\u5468\u90fd\u6295\u5165\u5168\u90e8\u65f6\u95f4\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e1a\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u5b66\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u517c\u804c\u8bfb\u4e66\u901a\u5e38\u5176\u5b9e\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u592a\u73b0\u5b9e\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u603b\u6210\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8bfb\u4e66\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u63d0\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u6240\u635f\u5931\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5185\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7531\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u56f0\u96be\u3001\u535a\u58eb\u751f\u5bfc\u5e08\u79bb\u804c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u89c1\u7684\u5371\u673a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982COVID-19\u65b0\u51a0\u75c5\u6bd2\u75ab\u60c5\uff09\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u9884\u671f\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u62d6\u5f97\u66f4\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ee-blog-cdn.wordvice.com\/cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16135013\/53-%E8%AF%BB%E7%A1%95%E8%BF%98%E6%98%AF%E8%AF%BB%E5%8D%9A%EF%BC%9F%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E9%80%89%EF%BC%9F%E7%A1%95%E5%A3%AB%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%9A%E5%A3%AB%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%AB-3.jpg\" alt=\"\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7855\u58eb\u6216\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8ba4\u771f\u8003\u8651\u6bcf\u79cd\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u548c\u85aa\u8d44\u524d\u666f\" class=\"wp-image-1726\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7855\u58eb\u6216\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8ba4\u771f\u8003\u8651\u6bcf\u79cd\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u548c\u85aa\u8d44\u524d\u666f<\/em><br><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2><strong>\u7855\u58eb\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u524d\u666f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u4f60\u80dc\u4efb\u5f88\u591a\u8981\u6c42\u5177\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u4f4d\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u5347\u4f60\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec5\u8981\u6c42\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u5386\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u8d77\u85aa\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u4f4d\u6240\u7784\u51c6\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u6027\u8d28\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4ec5\u51ed\u5de5\u8d44\u5bf9\u5c31\u4e1a\u60c5\u51b5\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u804c\u4f4d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u6bd4\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6db5\u76d6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u9886\u57df\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u662f\u6587\u79d1\u7855\u58eb\uff08Master of Arts\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0MA\uff09\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\uff08Master of Science\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0MS\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7814\u7a76\u578b\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08research master\u2019s degree\uff09\uff0c<\/strong>\u4f8b\u5982\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u6216\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u6c42\u64b0\u5199\u5177\u6709\u539f\u521b\u6027\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8bfb\u5b8c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7855\u58eb\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7ee7\u7eed\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u627e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u624d\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u4e13\u4e1a\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08professional master\u2019s<\/strong> <strong>degree\uff09\uff0c<\/strong>\u6559\u6388\u5b9e\u8df5\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u804c\u4e1a\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u8d44\u683c\u8fdb\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u61c2\u5f97\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u7855\u58eb\uff08Master of Public Health\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0MPH\uff09\u3001\u5de5\u5546\u7ba1\u7406\u7855\u58eb\uff08Master of Business Administration\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0MBA\uff09\u3001\u6559\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\uff08MA in Teaching\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0MAT\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7ec8\u7aef\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08terminal master\u2019s degree\uff09, <\/strong>\u6307\u6240\u5728\u9886\u57df\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff0c\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u521b\u610f\u5199\u4f5c\uff08Creative Writing\uff09\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7f8e\u672f\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08Master\u2019s of Fine Arts\uff09\u6216\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\uff08MS in Library Science\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u8868\u5217\u51fa<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/careeroutlook\/2020\/article\/education-level-and-openings.htm#s5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">10\u4e2a\u7855\u58eb\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u6700\u7d27\u4fcf\u804c\u4e1a<\/a>\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u7edf\u8ba1\u5c40\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u804c\u4e1a\u57282019\u81f32029\u5e74\u6bcf\u5e74\u5c06\u6700\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4eba\u624b\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u8fd8\u6839\u636e2016\u81f32026\u5e74\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/careeroutlook\/2019\/article\/high-wage-occupations.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u6765\u8bb2\u6536\u5165\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u804c\u4e1a<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>2019\u20132029\u5e74\u6700\u7f3a\u4eba\u624b\u7684\u804c\u4e1a<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>2016\u20132026\u5e74\u5de5\u8d44\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u804c\u4e1a<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5f8b\u5e08<\/td><td>\u62a4\u58eb\u9ebb\u9189\u5e08<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8f85\u5bfc\u5458<\/td><td>\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u5bb6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5065\u5eb7\u4e13\u4e1a\u6559\u5e08<\/td><td>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u62a4\u58eb<\/td><td>\u533b\u5e08\u52a9\u7406<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6559\u80b2\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458<\/td><td>\u62a4\u58eb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u533b\u52a1\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005<\/td><td>\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u5e08<\/td><td>\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6559\u5b66\u534f\u8c03\u5458<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7597\u5e08<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8bed\u8a00\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u9664\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u83b7\u5f97\u5165\u95e8\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u884c\u4e1a\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u804c\u4e1a\u8fdb\u9636\u7684\u8df3\u677f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u6216\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u884c\u800c\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3><strong>\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u804c\u4f4d<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u76ee\u6807\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d70\u5411\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u7ade\u4e89\u975e\u5e38\u6fc0\u70c8\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u7684\u804c\u4f4d\u8fdc\u5c11\u4e8e\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u6301\u6709\u8005\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u6b23\u6170\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u5728\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u671f\u95f4\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u8f6c\u79fb\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5219\u4ece\u4e8b\u975e\u5b66\u672f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u3001\u54a8\u8be2\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u6280\u672f\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u667a\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u524d\u666f\u5dee\u522b\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\uff09\u7684\u5931\u4e1a\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\uff09\u6240\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u5c31\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f85\u9047\u4e5f\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u201c\u4e0d\u5bf9\u8def\u201d\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u6216\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u201c\u5927\u6750\u5c0f\u7528\u201d\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b9e\u8df5\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u8d77\u5230\u4f24\u5bb3\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u524d\u666f\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u660e\u786e\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u4f60\u4ee5\u540e\u7a76\u7adf\u60f3\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u524d\u666f\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u503c\u5f97\u82b1\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7cbe\u529b\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u3002\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7533\u8bf7\u5165\u5b66\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5de5\u8d44\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u5e03\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5b98\u7f51\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b66\u6821\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u590d\u4f60\u7684\u95ee\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2><strong>\u7855\u58eb\u4e0e\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4e1a\u7684\u5165\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7855\u58eb\u548c\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u5165\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u8005\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u7855\u58eb\u5165\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u535a\u58eb\u5165\u5b66\u7533\u8bf7<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7533\u8bf7\u6587\u4e66\uff08essay\uff09\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u9648\u8ff0\uff08personal statement\uff09\u3001\u5b66\u4e1a\u76ee\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\uff08statement of purpose\uff09\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u5b66\u6821\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u683c\u5f0f\u64b0\u5199\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u7531\u64b0\u5199\uff0c\u9648\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4e60\u671f\u95f4\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba1\u5212\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5b8c\u6210\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5b66\u4e1a<\/td><td>\u5b66\u4e1a\u76ee\u7684\u9648\u8ff0\uff08statement of purpose\uff09\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u9648\u8ff0\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u8ba1\u5212<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u578b\u7855\u58eb\u7533\u8bf7\u5165\u5b66\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6559\u6388\u6216\u6307\u5bfc\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u4fe1\uff08Letters of recommendation\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e13\u4e1a\u578b\u7855\u58eb\u7533\u8bf7\u5165\u5b66\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u73b0\u4efb\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u4fe1\u3002<\/td><td>\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u6559\u6388\u6216\u6307\u5bfc\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u4fe1\uff08Letters of recommendation\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6700\u597d\u662f\u5177\u6709\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u8bc4\u5224\u4f60\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u58eb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u603b\u7ed3\u4f60\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u7b80\u5386\uff08CV\/resume\uff09<\/td><td>\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u7b80\u5386\uff08CV\/resume\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u672c\u79d1\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u7b49<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u6210\u7ee9\u5355<\/td><td>\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u6210\u7ee9\u5355<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5982\u679c\u82f1\u8bed\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u6bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u82f1\u8bed\u80fd\u529b\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u82f1\u8bed\u80fd\u529b\u8bc1\u660e\u5305\u62ec\u96c5\u601d\uff08IELTS\uff09\uff0c\u6258\u798f\uff08TOEFL\uff09\uff0cPTE\u5b66\u672f\uff08PTE Academic\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/td><td>\u5982\u679c\u82f1\u8bed\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u6bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u82f1\u8bed\u80fd\u529b\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u4f4d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u82f1\u8bed\u80fd\u529b\u8bc1\u660e\u5305\u62ec\u96c5\u601d\uff08IELTS\uff09\uff0c\u6258\u798f\uff08TOEFL\uff09\uff0cPTE\u5b66\u672f\uff08PTE Academic\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8003\u8bd5\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u5165\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5\uff08Law School Admissions Test\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0LSAT\uff09\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5165\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5\uff08Graduate Record Examination\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0GRE\uff09\u6216\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7ba1\u7406\u5165\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5\uff08Graduate Management Admissions Test\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0GMAT\uff09<\/td><td>\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8003\u8bd5\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5165\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5\uff08Graduate Record 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